Briefing Paper 22 – September 2018 Download Briefing Paper 22 Ingo Borchert and Nicolo Tamberi Key points Introduction Mode 5 services exports by region Foreign services, international integration and exports Conclusion References Footnotes Key Points This Briefing Paper highlights the importance of services inputs—domestic as well as foreign ones—for UK manufacturing exports.  We provide a detailed picture of individual UK regions and nations’ usage of domestic services inputs, and we describe the conducive role of foreign services inputs for export success. As the result of a long-running trend called “servicification” of manufacturing, the value of UK manufacturing exports entails a considerable share of services inputs. In 2017, the value of domestic services inputs into UK manufacturing exports amounted to over £70 billion. By comparison, this is close to all direct exports of financial and insurance services combined.  Hence, any changes in market access conditions abroad, especially in EU-27 destination markets, are likely to have knock-on effects on the demand for services in the UK, and on the jobs associated with the provision of such services. Across individual regions, the South East and London together provide 25% of all services inputs embodied in UK manufacturing exports. Most other regions [...]

Download Briefing Paper Briefing Paper 20 – July 2018 Marc Busch, Michael Gasiorek, Peter Holmes, J. Brad Jensen, Rod Ludema, Emily Lydgate, Anna Maria Mayda, Pietra Rivoli, Jim Rollo, Stephen Weymouth, Rorden Wilkinson and L. Alan Winters Key points Introduction Public support for a US-UK trade agreement What is the economic case for a US-UK trade agreement? So, do the data suggest an agreement is worth pursuing? The regulatory elements of a US-UK agreement: “A TTIP for Two”? Conclusion Endnotes Key points There is public support for a US-UK trade agreement, but this sits alongside worries about existing trade agreements, particularly over NAFTA in the US, and is contingent on the kind of regulatory framework pursued. Seeking an agreement allows both countries to present themselves outwardly as pursuing a sovereign policy in their own best interests as well as constructive members of a liberal world trading order. Any meaningful agreement (economically as opposed to politically) will need to deal with the barriers to trade in services, and the regulatory barriers within specific manufacturing sectors. Given the different approaches to regulation, this may be challenging. Among the most important of challenges in negotiating a US-UK trade agreement will be [...]

Briefing Paper 17 – March 2018 Download Briefing Paper Michael Gasiorek Key points Setting the scene How might it be possible to square the circle? Route 1 Route 2 Ways forward? Key points The UK Government’s stated objectives include independence with regard to trade policy, regulatory policy and migration, as well as no hard border in Ireland. The latter is also a condition for the EU. In addition, the UK government seeks to maintain as much access to the Single Market as possible, while leaving the Single Market. These conditions cannot all be reconciled. All EU agreements are different and hence by definition bespoke. This will also be true of a future UK-EU agreement. The issues are over what is to be included and excluded, and how many of the above conditions the UK government will be forced to drop and/or relax. There is a real and manifest difference in the desirability of the UK remaining part of the current EU Customs Union, and signing a new comprehensive customs union with the EU. The latter option is far less desirable unless it has equivalent effect bilaterally. A key issue is the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland. Any [...]

Briefing Paper 1 – July 2016 Download Briefing paper Introduction UK Trade Policy Prior to Brexit What Happens on B-Day? Trade in Goods Applying an MFN Trade Regime on Goods Services Trade Services Trade with the EU Under the WTO General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) Services in EU FTA: The Case of Korea The UK’s Public Procurement and the WTO Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) Conclusions Further Information […]

Briefing Paper 3 – October 2016 Download Briefing Paper Peter Holmes Introduction The EEA and EU – Core Differences Rules of Origin Regulatory Union Relations with Third Countries Conclusion Background References Further Information […]

Briefing paper 4 – October 2016 Download Briefing Paper Erika Szyszczak & Emily Lydgate Introduction How Will the UK Trigger Article 50 TEU? When Will the UK Trigger Article 50 TEU? What Will the Article 50 TEU Withdrawal Agreement Consist of? Is Article 50 TEU Reversible? Conclusion Further Information […]

Briefing Paper 2 – September 2016 Download Briefing Paper Emily Lydgate, Jim Rollo & Rorden Wilkinson Summary Introduction The Nature of Trade Negotiations The Scale of the Negotiating Challenge for the UK Reducing the Negotiating Load Prioritizing Targets for Negotiation The WTO The EU Third-Country Negotiations: Setting Priorities Negotiating Resources Conclusion […]